Breaking down these steps to students and becoming
comfortable with this process will pay huge dividends in their writing.
Although somewhat formulaic, it is a very helpful tool, and will get students
past the scary 'deer in the headlights' stage when faced with writing a
thesis-based essay. Some of the techniques used here will need to be taught -
like "transitions or linking words/phrases". Properly used
transitions can act like a life raft for students struggling to join different
ideas and thoughts.
Although I've modified this somewhat - it is not my
tutorial. This comes from Georgia Department of Education, Smekens
Education. Accessed online on 12/9/2020 at https://www.liberty.k12.ga.us/pdf/TandL/ELA_GMAS_BuildingStudentSuccesswithConstructedResponse6_12.pdf
Steps for
building a long constructed response
1. Interpreting the prompt
2. Analyzing the text to find evidence
3. Making a plan to organize evidence
4. Writing the response
5. Revising
The Critical Process
•Modeling: I do one, you’ll watch.
•Guided practice: I do one, you’ll help.
•Gradual release: You do one, I’ll help.
•Independent practice: You do one, I’ll watch.
Step 1: Interpreting the Prompt
•Read/underline important words and phrases to determine the
type of writing needed: narrative, informational or opinion
•Identify the background information, the task or request
(analyze, explain, compare...), and the type of evidence needed (details from
text, personal experience, information from multiple texts, etc.)
•Summarize and restate the prompt in your own words
Step 2: Analyzing the Text to Find Evidence
•Skim text to find evidence to support the response
•Refer to close reading notes to find specific words/phrases
rather than re-reading entire passage
•Look at text features and structures for evidence
Step 3: Making a Plan to Organize Evidence
•Create a general answer to the question or state the main
idea (thesis statement)
–Example …The four
professionals in this article were interested in their careers at early ages,
faced challenges, and realized their dream jobs.
–The four
professionals in this article stuck with their dreams over time.
–The four
professionals in this article committed themselves to lifelong journeys in
their chosen fields.
Step 3: Making a Plan to Organize Evidence
•Organize evidence by category, chronological order,
cause-effect, etc. to match the task
Example –
Four body
paragraphs, one for each professional—evidence on their early interest, their
challenges, and how they realized their dream will make up the details for each
paragraph.
Step 4: Writing the Response
•Opening starts with main idea sentence, the thesis
statement which answers the question/prompt
•Use evidence to create sentences/body paragraphs that
support the main idea
•Close with a summary or conclusion or solution that answers
the question in different words
Opening paragraph
•Main idea and thesis statement for entire piece
•Includes supporting details to introduce main points
Body Sentences or Paragraphs
Three steps for writing the supporting body paragraphs:
•Expand each similarity into one or more sentences.
•Cite by mentioning text.
•Quote by writing exact words in quotation marks.
Closing Paragraph
1. Summarize
the main points.
2. Draw a conclusion.
3. Frame your response from the
introductory paragraph in terms of your thesis.
Step 5: Revising
Re-read the prompt and your response
•Include transition or linking
words/phrases
•Check capitalization, agreement
(subj/verb), punctuation, and spelling